Wednesday Aug.07, 2019

Tinder jumped. Match jumped. Then IAC jumped.

_When you hear your IAC stock is really Tinder stock_
_When you hear your IAC stock is really Tinder stock_

Hey Snackers,

Disturbing: Domino's UK is stockpiling pizza ingredients on worries that Brexit could mess with its supply chain.

Not disturbing: After their worst loss of the year, stocks rebounded hard Tuesday on hopes that China's currency trade war retaliation won't be as bad as investors thought.

Family

IAC is the venture capital-like public company powering Match

Tinder gets all the looks... And it's owned by Match, whose stock surged 19% Tuesday as the dating app's growth jumped again. But it wasn't just Match that popped — IAC shares rose 12% too. That's because IAC owns the majority of Match, along with 150 other brands that you likely used at some point today.

It's all in the name... "InterActive." That's what IAC's "I" and "A" stand for. And its legendary leader Barry Diller (aka designer Diane von Furstenberg's husband) is obsessed with that. So the company invests in innovative apps that it thinks have viral interactive potential — people-to-people platforms and shareability are its thing. Recognize this IAC portfolio candy?

  • Public companies: IAC has launched 10 of them, including Match. It's also got ANGI Home Services, the company behind Angie's List, HomeAdvisor, and Handy, to connect you with someone to build/fix/repair/clean the thing you can't.
  • Private startups: College Humor (aggressively shareable videos), Investopedia (financial info), Ask (yes, this used to be Ask Jeeves), The Daily Beast (news), and plenty more viral-ish digital media.

IAC acts like a venture capital firm... but it's a publicly-traded company. That's unique. Most VCs who got in early to Uber or Pinterest are companies that you can't invest in — only the extra-wealthy or institutions typically get access. Yet IAC has become the Berkshire Hathaway of tech, giving retail investors access to a portfolio committed to a specific theme: digital interaction.

Acquire

Disney's stock falls 5% as its acquisition spree catches up

A chain is only as strong as its weakest superhero blockbuster... Disney just announced that revenues hit a record high of $20B (up 33%), but profit dropped 51% in the 2nd quarter. Now that Disney's officially acquired Fox and most of Hulu to add to the Mouse family, you have to take the good with the bad:

  • The Good (mostly Disney): Avengers:Endgame became the best performer in movie history. And the ESPN and Discovery channels brought home big bucks.
  • The Bad (mostly Fox): We're huge Wolverine fans, but the most recent X-Men movie missed (badly). Also, a tournament-worth of cricket matches got rained out, hurting Fox's international revenues. Now Disney wants to resurrect Fox's Home Alone.

Here's what Disney actually does... Mickey lives off of 4 profit food groups:

  1. Media Networks (33% of revenue): Things at Disney's many cable TV channels (includes ESPN and ABC) were solid.
  2. Parks, Experiences, and Products (31%): Attendance fell 3% at Disney's US parks, but per-tourist spending jumped 10%. Could be the disturbingly large turkey legs.
  3. Studio Entertainment (18%): Re-butter the popcorn for Disney's hits on hits on hits. The movie studio set a record $3.8B revenue.
  4. Direct-to-consumer (18%): The home of Disney+, the much-hyped new streaming network that arrives in November.

Disney+ doesn't need to make money... (that's its secret). The new Netflix rival just needs to feed the Disney profit beast. Disney makes money everywhere, and that gives it a huge advantage over Netflix.

  • Netflix: $12.99/month, because Netflix has 1 product that needs to make all the profits.
  • Disney+: Can charge just $6.99/month because the more fans that fall in love with Coco, the more Disney can make money on theme parks, toys, and shows covered in Coco.

PS: The CEO just announced the mega package of Disney+, Hulu, and ESPN+ will cost $12.99/month.

Out

Barneys is going bankrupt — but this has a different retail lesson

Bankruptcy is the new black... Among department stores, Barneys was the fancy NYC option with just 22 locations and a cooler-than-us kind of vibe. It's a private company controlled by a hedge fund — now it's shutting 15 stores to enter Chapter 11 bankruptcy (Barneys' biggest locations will keep the doors open while a judge figures out what to do with it).

Makeover... Barneys has been here before, going through bankruptcy in the '90s. But if it re-emerges from bankruptcy (again), it will do so promising to focus on "experiences." You know, because us Millennials love experiential experiences. Barneys says it's adding more in-store restaurants and "entertainment," but we haven't heard what that includes exactly.

But do you own the real estate?... Barneys' core problem is that it didn't. Last year, the rent at Barneys' flagship Madison Ave. store jumped to $2.5M/month. Those costs can kill if you don't own the land. Meanwhile, rival Saks Fifth Ave may be suffering from the retail-pocalypse too, but it owns most of its stores (including the iconic 5th Ave. spot) — so it's benefiting from the price-pocalypse of rising real estate values.

What else we’re Snackin’

  • Splurge: American Airlines is dropping $90M for the naming rights to just the entranceway of LA's new football stadium
  • Harvest: Aurora Cannabis jumped 10% because its crops are yielding more pot than even they expected
  • New: Snap just issued $1B in convertible debt (bonds that can be turned into stock) to raise $$$ for new moves, like acquisitions
  • FTW: Bumble is going way beyond first-move dating apps — it's sponsoring an all-women Fortnite eSports team
  • Homey: Airbnb acquires Urbandoor to get into the extended-stay-corporate-client space
  • Spotlight: Tencent, the Chinese tech company, is buying 10% of Universal Music and helping lift Drake, T-Swift, and U2's presence in Asia

Wednesday

Disclosure: Authors of this Snacks own shares of Roku.

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Power

World out of balance: It costs the US 3¢ to make 1 penny

The cost of producing the US penny rose 13% in fiscal 2023 to 3.07 cents. Yes, that means that Uncle Sam loses more than two cents for every cent it produces. (And no, you can’t make it up on volume.)

For the record, that’s the 18th-straight year the penny’s face value has been below production costs, fueling calls for abolishing the lowest value denomination coin. Canada started to phase out the penny in 2013, joining Australia, Brazil, Finland, New Zealand, Norway, and Israel, according to Smithsonian Magazine.

3.07¢
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Business

Netflix is going to stop sharing subscriber numbers

After posting subscriber numbers that beat expectations today, Netflix says it’s no longer going to share those numbers starting in the first quarter of 2025. That’s a big deal since subscriber numbers have long been one of the main metrics that investors have looked at.

“In our early days, when we had little revenue or profit, membership growth was a strong indicator of our future potential,” its shareholders letter read. “But now we’re generating very substantial profit and free cash flow.” The company said that it will focus on revenue and operating margin as its main financial metrics, while it will look at time spent on the platform to gauge customer satisfaction.

Another way to read this? They’ve hit market saturation and just aren’t going to be growing that much anymore, and they thought they’d end on a good note. Going forward they’re focusing on how to get more money out of the customers they do have.

They’re doing so by cracking down on password sharing and charging for extra members. They’re also pushing people to ad tiers, which are more profitable than non-ad tiers.

“Scaling ads to become a more meaningful contributor to our business in ‘25 and beyond,” Netflix said.

Netflix’s ads membership grew another 65% in Q1 over the previous one, after rising 70% the quarter before, and 40% of signups in ad markets continue to be for those ad plans.

Tech

Meta’s not telling where it got its AI training data

Today Meta unleashed its ChatGPT competitor, Meta AI, across its apps and as a standalone. The company boasts that it is running on its latest, greatest AI model, Llama 3, which was trained on “data of the highest quality”! A dataset seven times larger than Llama2! And includes 4 times more code!

What is that training data? There the company is less loquacious.

Meta said the 15 trillion tokens on which its trained came from “publicly available sources.” Which sources? Meta told The Verge’s Alex Heath that it didn’t include Meta user data, but didn’t give much more in the way of specifics.

It did mention that it includes AI-generated data, or synthetic data: “we used Llama 2 to generate the training data for the text-quality classifiers that are powering Llama 3.” There are plenty of known issues with synthetic or AI-created data, foremost of which is that it can exacerbate existing issues with AI, because it’s liable to spit out a more concentrated version of any garbage it is ingesting.

AI companies are turning to such data because there’s not enough good, public data on the entire internet to train their increasingly greedy AI models. (Meta had reportedly floated buying a publisher like Simon & Schuster to satisfy its insatiable data needs.)

Meta, of course, isn’t the only company that’s tight-lipped about where its AI data is coming from. In a now infamous interview with WSJ’s Johanna Stern, OpenAI’s chief technology officer Mira Murati was unable to answer questions about what Sora, OpenAI’s video generating app, was trained on. YouTube? Facebook? Instagram — she said she wasn’t sure.

What is that training data? There the company is less loquacious.

Meta said the 15 trillion tokens on which its trained came from “publicly available sources.” Which sources? Meta told The Verge’s Alex Heath that it didn’t include Meta user data, but didn’t give much more in the way of specifics.

It did mention that it includes AI-generated data, or synthetic data: “we used Llama 2 to generate the training data for the text-quality classifiers that are powering Llama 3.” There are plenty of known issues with synthetic or AI-created data, foremost of which is that it can exacerbate existing issues with AI, because it’s liable to spit out a more concentrated version of any garbage it is ingesting.

AI companies are turning to such data because there’s not enough good, public data on the entire internet to train their increasingly greedy AI models. (Meta had reportedly floated buying a publisher like Simon & Schuster to satisfy its insatiable data needs.)

Meta, of course, isn’t the only company that’s tight-lipped about where its AI data is coming from. In a now infamous interview with WSJ’s Johanna Stern, OpenAI’s chief technology officer Mira Murati was unable to answer questions about what Sora, OpenAI’s video generating app, was trained on. YouTube? Facebook? Instagram — she said she wasn’t sure.

Today’s earnings: Who’s making money edition

Here are some some notable numbers out this morning, as earnings season gathers steam. Thursday’s main event will be Netflix after the close of trading. (Keep an eye on its advertising business.) But until then...

7.13%

The 30-year fixed rate mortgage is back above 7%, according to weekly numbers from the Mortgage Bankers Association, the highest level in four months. High borrowing costs are creating havoc for would-be buyers, as affordability lingers at the low levels not seen consistently since the late 1980s.

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Business

Amazon’s spy ops on rivals: shell companies, printed docs, and a fake Japanese streetwear brand

Some companies check out rivals’ websites, stores and public filings to stay abreast of the competition. Amazon made its own fake shell company and brands, transacted hundreds of thousands of dollars per year undercover on competitors’ platforms, and kept its intel operation a secret for nearly a decade even from others at Amazon, according to a fascinating investigation by the Wall Street Journal.

Working as a seller called Big River, a secret group of Amazon employees gained access to rival platforms, including Walmart, FedEx, and Alibaba. They used Big River email addresses and went to seller conferences as Big River employees. They even stayed hidden within Amazon itself. These employees would take screenshots of competitors’ systems that they would then show others at Amazon in person to avoid an email paper trail.

Perhaps most strange of all, the company created a fake Japanese streetwear brand called “Not So Ape” (clearly a play on A Bathing Ape) and continues to sell products from the brand on a Shopify store, presumably as an attempt to learn the inner workings of the shopping platform. Of course, copying is old hat for Amazon.

In meetings where they’d use this clandestine information to inform Amazon’s own business practices, the group resorted to literal paper. “[T]he team avoided distributing presentations electronically to Amazon executives. Instead, they printed the presentations and numbered the documents. Executives could look at the reports and take notes, but at the end of the meeting, team members collected the papers to ensure that they had all copies."

Working as a seller called Big River, a secret group of Amazon employees gained access to rival platforms, including Walmart, FedEx, and Alibaba. They used Big River email addresses and went to seller conferences as Big River employees. They even stayed hidden within Amazon itself. These employees would take screenshots of competitors’ systems that they would then show others at Amazon in person to avoid an email paper trail.

Perhaps most strange of all, the company created a fake Japanese streetwear brand called “Not So Ape” (clearly a play on A Bathing Ape) and continues to sell products from the brand on a Shopify store, presumably as an attempt to learn the inner workings of the shopping platform. Of course, copying is old hat for Amazon.

In meetings where they’d use this clandestine information to inform Amazon’s own business practices, the group resorted to literal paper. “[T]he team avoided distributing presentations electronically to Amazon executives. Instead, they printed the presentations and numbered the documents. Executives could look at the reports and take notes, but at the end of the meeting, team members collected the papers to ensure that they had all copies."

Crypto
Jack Morse
4/17/24

Worldcoin pivots to the blockchain… with a 'humans only' discount

Worldcoin, the “proof of personhood” crypto project launched by OpenAI’s Sam Altman, said it plans to launch its own ethereum layer-2 (L2) blockchain dubbed World Chain. The pitch: a blockchain where it’s both easier and cheaper for people to transact than bots.

Worldcoin has made waves for its iris-scanning metallic orb that promises a future where people can mathematically prove they’re real humans and not AI bots.

But it’s run into trouble: the orbs have been banned across Europe and Africa, and the associated WLD crypto token has plunged 50% over the past month.

For project insiders, who reportedly received a token allocation of 25% of supply, that could equal significant losses. 

Which is what may make World Chain attractive. Crypto exchange Coinbase launched its own L2, Base, last year. Base has since seen rapid user growth — activity that’s generated the exchange millions of dollars in weekly fees

Worldcoin could benefit from similar revenue if its L2 is adopted around the world.

But it’s run into trouble: the orbs have been banned across Europe and Africa, and the associated WLD crypto token has plunged 50% over the past month.

For project insiders, who reportedly received a token allocation of 25% of supply, that could equal significant losses. 

Which is what may make World Chain attractive. Crypto exchange Coinbase launched its own L2, Base, last year. Base has since seen rapid user growth — activity that’s generated the exchange millions of dollars in weekly fees

Worldcoin could benefit from similar revenue if its L2 is adopted around the world.

Business

Smooth sailing? Not for superyachts

Sales of the luxury boats sank 17% last year. Meanwhile, Super-SUPER yachts (over 650 feet long) took the biggest sales dip, falling around 40%. Part of the problem: a pandemic-era backlog has led to a three- to four-year waitlist for new yacht orders. Meanwhile Russian oligarchs — former MVP customers — are largely out of the boat-buying business due to sanctions.

Dr Martens shares have been stomped

American sales of Docs have dropped